Global Warming and Climate Change Peer-Reviewed Evidence List #01
What exactly is the scientific (peer-reviewed) evidence that best represents the current scientific consensus about Climate Change and Global Warming?
I have collected this information in response to some persistent media coverage to the contrary of many facts that have been previously reported by the scientific community.
This project became a painfully obvious necessary evil after hearing recent political candidates speak in the USA. Without mentioning names let me just say that for whatever reason they and/or their advisors have not obviously taken the time to research Climate Change and Global Warming to even a cursory depth. In short, without exception every recognized National and/or international science academy and scientific society that I have personally researched have ALL previously released statements regarding their current scientific opinion on Global Warming and Climate Change. Note that there are no corporate sponsored think tanks or pseudo-science organizations on any such recognized lists. Without exception they have all expressed assessments that have been generally consistent with the conclusions of the 4th Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) from 2007, which was sourced from thousands of peer-reviewed scientific studies. However, inquiring minds don’t just let the talking heads on TV or various editors and producers tell them what they need to know, but rather wish to discover what exact peer-reviewed Scientific References were used by the most recent IPCC report to determine the current consensus of the Global Climate system and perhaps draw their own summation.
The Fifth IPCC Assessment basically strengthens the statement released in February 2007, of the IPCC’s released summary of their Fourth Assessment Report, which found “that human actions are “very likely” the cause of global warming, meaning a 90% or greater probability.”
If you wish to skip to the summation or read the entire Fifth IPCC Assessment Report a link is provided at the end of this document.
This following list represents only the references used in Chapter 1 (one) of 14 (fourteen), plus 3 three (Annex) that constitute the 5th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Even this partial list of specific Peer-Reviewed References is substantial and is according to those that helped create the report what was used as evidence to determine current Scientific Consensus on Global Warming and Climate Change:
Chapter 1: IPCC Fifth Assessment Report References
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Collins, M., and M. R. Allen, 2002: Assessing the relative roles of initial and boundary conditions in interannual to decadal climate predictability. Journal of Climate , 15 , 3104-3109.
Covey, C., et al., 2003: An overview of results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. Global and Planetary Change , 37 , 103-133.
Cubasch, U., et al., 2001: Projections of Future Climate Change. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , Cambridge University Press.
Dee, D. P., et al., 2011: The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society , 137 , 553-597.
Denman, K. L., et al., 2007: Couplings Between Changes in the Climate System and Biogeochemistry. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , Cambridge University Press.
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Ettema, J., M. R. van den Broeke, E. van Meijgaard, W. J. van de Berg, J. L. Bamber, J. E. Box, and R. C. Bales, 2009: Higher surface mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet revealed by high-resolution climate modeling. Geophysical Research Letters , 36 , L12501.
Foley, J., et al., 2005: Global consequences of land use. Science , 309 , 570-574.
Folland, C. K., et al., 2001: Observed Climate Variability and Change. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , Cambridge University Press.
Forest, C. E., P. H. Stone, and A. P. Sokolov, 2008: Constraining climate model parameters from observed 20th century changes. Tellus A , 60 , 911-920.
Forster, P., et al., 2007: Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , Cambridge University Press.
Frame, D. J., and D. A. Stone, 2013: Assessment of the first consensus prediction on climate change. Nature Clim. Change , 3 , 357-359.
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GCOS, 2009: Progress Report on the Implementation of the Global Observing System for Climate in Support of the UNFCCC 2004-2008, GCOS-129 (WMO/TD-No. 1489; GOOS-173; GTOS-70).
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Goosse, H., W. Lefebvre, A. de Montety, E. Crespin, and A. H. Orsi, 2009: Consistent past half-century trends in the atmosphere, the sea ice and the ocean at high southern latitudes. Climate Dynamics , 33 , 999-1016.
Granier, C., et al., 2011: Evolution of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of air pollutants at global and regional scales during the 1980-2010 period. Climatic Change , 109 , 163-190.
Haas, C., A. Pfaffling, S. Hendricks, L. Rabenstein, J. L. Etienne, and I. Rigor, 2008: Reduced ice thickness in Arctic Transpolar Drift favors rapid ice retreat. Geophysical Research Letters , 35 , L17501.
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——, 2012a: Procedures for the preparation, review, acceptance, adoption, approval and publication of IPCC reports.
——, 2012b: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 582 pp.
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The previous list of source material is a good reference, but it is highly recommended for everyone to read the various IPCC reports including the original complete final draft Report, dated 7 June 2013, all of the documents are available for free online in .pdf format:
IPCC PRESS RELEASE: 27 September 2013
http://www.ipcc.ch/news_and_events/docs/ar5/press_release_ar5_wgi_en.pdf
Summary for Policymakers – IPCC Working Group I
http://www.climatechange2013.org/images/uploads/WGIAR5-SPM_Approved27Sep2013.pdf
Complete Underlying Scientific/Technical Assessment (166MB)
http://www.climatechange2013.org/images/uploads/WGIAR5_WGI-12Doc2b_FinalDraft_All.pdf
IPCC Website about the IPCC’s Fifth Assessement Report (AR5):
http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/#.UoAQfJTF1Kl
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